IDE Installation
Windows
Visual Studio
Installing Visual Studio installs all the necessary tools for you to get started. Simply download the installer from here, and go through the installation process. When asked for Installation details, you can tick the option that says .NET Desktop Development.
Cross-Platform (Windows/Linux/Mac)
DotNet Build Tools
Microsoft distributes the .NET core SDK. You can find the download page here. If you are on Windows, just download the installer. On Linux, use your package manager, or the install-dotnet script.
Mono
You may need Mono if you are using Mac/Linux. Mono comes automatically installed with Visual Studio for Mac, if you still need it though you can get its here.